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Compare Nepal (2001) - Turks and Caicos Islands (2003)

Compare Nepal (2001) z Turks and Caicos Islands (2003)

 Nepal (2001)Turks and Caicos Islands (2003)
 NepalTurks and Caicos Islands
Administrative divisions 14 zones (anchal, singular and plural); Bagmati, Bheri, Dhawalagiri, Gandaki, Janakpur, Karnali, Kosi, Lumbini, Mahakali, Mechi, Narayani, Rapti, Sagarmatha, Seti none (overseas territory of the UK)
Age structure 0-14 years:
40.35% (male 5,267,234; female 4,933,910)

15-64 years:
56.16% (male 7,264,575; female 6,934,384)

65 years and over:
3.49% (male 437,813; female 446,547) (2001 est.)
0-14 years: 32.5% (male 3,202; female 3,094)


15-64 years: 63.7% (male 6,484; female 5,848)


65 years and over: 3.7% (male 321; female 401) (2003 est.)
Agriculture - products rice, corn, wheat, sugarcane, root crops; milk, water buffalo meat corn, beans, cassava (tapioca), citrus fruits; fish
Airports 45 (2000 est.) 8 (2002)
Airports - with paved runways total:
8

over 3,047 m:
1

1,524 to 2,437 m:
1

914 to 1,523 m:
6 (2000 est.)
total: 5


1,524 to 2,437 m: 3


914 to 1,523 m: 1


under 914 m: 1 (2002)
Airports - with unpaved runways total:
37

1,524 to 2,437 m:
1

914 to 1,523 m:
7

under 914 m:
29 (2000 est.)
total: 3


914 to 1,523 m: 1


under 914 m: 2 (2002)
Area total:
140,800 sq km

land:
136,800 sq km

water:
4,000 sq km
total: 430 sq km


land: 430 sq km


water: 0 sq km
Area - comparative slightly larger than Arkansas 2.5 times the size of Washington, DC
Background In 1951, the Nepalese monarch ended the century-old system of rule by hereditary premiers and instituted a cabinet system of government. Reforms in 1990 established a multiparty democracy within the framework of a constitutional monarchy. The refugee issue of some 100,000 Bhutanese in Nepal remains unresolved; 90% of these displaced persons are housed in seven United Nations Offices of the High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) camps. The islands were part of the UK's Jamaican colony until 1962, when they assumed the status of a separate crown colony upon Jamaica's independence. The governor of The Bahamas oversaw affairs from 1965 to 1973. With Bahamian independence, the islands received a separate governor in 1973. Although independence was agreed upon for 1982, the policy was reversed and the islands are presently a British overseas territory.
Birth rate 33.4 births/1,000 population (2001 est.) 23.51 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Budget revenues:
$536 million

expenditures:
$818 million, including capital expenditures of $NA (FY96/97 est.)
revenues: $47 million


expenditures: $33.6 million, including capital expenditures of $NA (1997-98 est.)
Capital Kathmandu Grand Turk (Cockburn Town)
Climate varies from cool summers and severe winters in north to subtropical summers and mild winters in south tropical; marine; moderated by trade winds; sunny and relatively dry
Coastline 0 km (landlocked) 389 km
Constitution 9 November 1990 introduced 30 August 1976; suspended in 1986; restored and revised 5 March 1988
Country name conventional long form:
Kingdom of Nepal

conventional short form:
Nepal
conventional long form: none


conventional short form: Turks and Caicos Islands
Currency Nepalese rupee (NPR) US dollar (USD)
Death rate 10.22 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.) 4.34 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Debt - external $2.4 billion (1997) $NA
Dependency status - overseas territory of the UK
Diplomatic representation from the US chief of mission:
Ambassador Ralph FRANK

embassy:
Pani Pokhari, Kathmandu

mailing address:
use embassy street address

telephone:
[977] (1) 411179, 410531

FAX:
[977] (1) 419963
none (overseas territory of the UK)
Diplomatic representation in the US chief of mission:
Ambassador Damodar Prasad GAUTAM

chancery:
2131 Leroy Place NW, Washington, DC 20008

telephone:
[1] (202) 667-4550

FAX:
[1] (202) 667-5534

consulate(s) general:
New York
none (overseas territory of the UK)
Disputes - international refugee issue over the presence in Nepal of approximately 98,700 Bhutanese refugees, 90% of whom are in seven United Nations Office of the High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) camps none
Economic aid - recipient $411 million (FY97/98) $4.1 million (1997)
Economy - overview Nepal is among the poorest and least developed countries in the world with nearly half of its population living below the poverty line. Agriculture is the mainstay of the economy, providing a livelihood for over 80% of the population and accounting for 41% of GDP. Industrial activity mainly involves the processing of agricultural produce including jute, sugarcane, tobacco, and grain. Production of textiles and carpets has expanded recently and accounted for about 80% of foreign exchange earnings in the past three years. Agricultural production is growing by about 5% on average as compared with annual population growth of 2.3%. Since May 1991, the government has been moving forward with economic reforms, particularly those that encourage trade and foreign investment, e.g., by reducing business licenses and registration requirements in order to simplify investment procedures. The government has also been cutting expenditures by reducing subsidies, privatizing state industries, and laying off civil servants. More recently, however, political instability - five different governments over the past few years - has hampered Kathmandu's ability to forge consensus to implement key economic reforms. Nepal has considerable scope for accelerating economic growth by exploiting its potential in hydropower and tourism, areas of recent foreign investment interest. Prospects for foreign trade or investment in other sectors will remain poor, however, because of the small size of the economy, its technological backwardness, its remoteness, its landlocked geographic location, and its susceptibility to natural disaster. The international community's role of funding more than 60% of Nepal's development budget and more than 28% of total budgetary expenditures will likely continue as a major ingredient of growth. The Turks and Caicos economy is based on tourism, fishing, and offshore financial services. Most capital goods and food for domestic consumption are imported. The US is the leading source of tourists, accounting for more than half of the 93,000 visitors in 1998. Major sources of government revenue include fees from offshore financial activities and customs receipts. Tourism fell by 6% in 2002 but appeared to be picking up at yearend.
Electricity - consumption 1.309 billion kWh (1999) 4.65 million kWh (2001)
Electricity - exports 68 million kWh (1999) 0 kWh (2001)
Electricity - imports 210 million kWh (1999) 0 kWh (2001)
Electricity - production 1.255 billion kWh (1999) 5 million kWh (2001)
Electricity - production by source fossil fuel:
9.56%

hydro:
90.44%

nuclear:
0%

other:
0% (1999)
fossil fuel: 100%


hydro: 0%


nuclear: 0%


other: 0% (2001)
Elevation extremes lowest point:
Kanchan Kalan 70 m

highest point:
Mount Everest 8,850 m (1999 est.)
lowest point: Caribbean Sea 0 m


highest point: Blue Hills 49 m
Environment - current issues deforestation (overuse of wood for fuel and lack of alternatives); contaminated water (with human and animal wastes, agricultural runoff, and industrial effluents); wildlife conservation; vehicular emissions limited natural fresh water resources, private cisterns collect rainwater
Environment - international agreements party to:
Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Tropical Timber 83, Tropical Timber 94, Wetlands

signed, but not ratified:
Marine Dumping, Marine Life Conservation
-
Ethnic groups Brahman, Chetri, Newar, Gurung, Magar, Tamang, Rai, Limbu, Sherpa, Tharu, and others (1995) black 90%, mixed, European, or north American 10%
Exchange rates Nepalese rupees per US dollar - 74.129 (January 2001), 71.104 (2000), 68.239 (1999), 65.976 (1998), 58.010 (1997), 56.692 (1996) the US dollar is used
Executive branch chief of state:
King GYANENDRA Bir Bikram Shah (succeeded to the throne 4 June 2001 following the death of his nephew King DIPENDRA Bir Bikram Shah)

head of government:
Prime Minister Girija Prasad KOIRALA (since 22 March 2000)

cabinet:
Cabinet appointed by the monarch on the recommendation of the prime minister

elections:
none; the monarch is hereditary; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or leader of a majority coalition is usually appointed prime minister by the monarch

note:
King BIRENDRA Bir Bikram Shah Dev died in a bloody shooting at the royal palace on 1 June 2001 that also claimed the lives of most of the royal family; King BIRENDRA's son, Crown Price DIPENDRA, is believed to have been responsible for the shootings before fatally wounding himself; immediately following the shootings and while still clinging to life, DIPENDRA was crowned king; he died three days later and was succeeded by his uncle
chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1953), represented by Governor Jim POSTON (since 16 December 2002)


head of government: Chief Minister Derek H. TAYLOR (since 31 January 1995)


cabinet: Executive Council consists of three ex officio members and five appointed by the governor from among the members of the Legislative Council


elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; governor appointed by the monarch; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party is appointed chief minister by the governor
Exports $485 million (f.o.b., 1998), but does not include unrecorded border trade with India NA (2001)
Exports - commodities carpets, clothing, leather goods, jute goods, grain lobster, dried and fresh conch, conch shells
Exports - partners India 33%, US 26%, Germany 25% (FY97/98) US, UK
Fiscal year 16 July - 15 July calendar year
Flag description red with a blue border around the unique shape of two overlapping right triangles; the smaller, upper triangle bears a white stylized moon and the larger, lower triangle bears a white 12-pointed sun blue, with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant and the colonial shield centered on the outer half of the flag; the shield is yellow and contains a conch shell, lobster, and cactus
GDP purchasing power parity - $33.7 billion (2000 est.) purchasing power parity - $231 million (2000 est.)
GDP - composition by sector agriculture:
41%

industry:
22%

services:
37% (2000 est.)
agriculture: NA%


industry: NA%


services: NA%
GDP - per capita purchasing power parity - $1,360 (2000 est.) purchasing power parity - $9,600 (2000 est.)
GDP - real growth rate 3.7% (2000 est.) 4.9% (2000 est.)
Geographic coordinates 28 00 N, 84 00 E 21 45 N, 71 35 W
Geography - note landlocked; strategic location between China and India; contains eight of world's 10 highest peaks about 40 islands (eight inhabited)
Highways total:
13,223 km

paved:
4,073 km

unpaved:
9,150 km (April 1999)
total: 121 km


paved: 24 km


unpaved: 97 km (2000)
Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%:
3.2%

highest 10%:
29.8% (1995-96)
lowest 10%: NA%


highest 10%: NA%
Illicit drugs illicit producer of cannabis for the domestic and international drug markets; transit point for opiates from Southeast Asia to the West transshipment point for South American narcotics destined for the US and Europe
Imports $1.2 billion (f.o.b., 1998) NA (2001)
Imports - commodities gold, machinery and equipment, petroleum products, fertilizer food and beverages, tobacco, clothing, manufactures, construction materials
Imports - partners India 31%, China/Hong Kong 16%, Singapore 14% (FY97/98) US, UK
Independence 1768 (unified by Prithvi Narayan Shah) none (overseas territory of the UK)
Industrial production growth rate NA% NA%
Industries tourism, carpet, textile; small rice, jute, sugar, and oilseed mills; cigarette; cement and brick production tourism, offshore financial services
Infant mortality rate 74.14 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.) total: 16.87 deaths/1,000 live births


male: 19.48 deaths/1,000 live births


female: 14.12 deaths/1,000 live births (2003 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 3.3% (FY99/00 est.) 4% (1995)
International organization participation AsDB, CCC, CP, ESCAP, FAO, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Intelsat, Interpol, IOC, ISO (correspondent), ITU, MONUC, NAM, OPCW, SAARC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNFICYP, UNIDO, UNIFIL, UNMEE, UNMIBH, UNMIK, UNMOP, UNMOT, UNTAET, UPU, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO (observer) Caricom (associate), CDB, Interpol (subbureau)
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) 6 (2000) 14 (2000)
Irrigated land 8,500 sq km (1993 est.) NA sq km
Judicial branch Supreme Court or Sarbochha Adalat (chief justice is appointed by the monarch on recommendation of the Constitutional Council; the other judges are appointed by the monarch on the recommendation of the Judicial Council) Supreme Court
Labor force 10 million (1996 est.)

note:
severe lack of skilled labor
4,848 (1990 est.)
Labor force - by occupation agriculture 81%, services 16%, industry 3% about 33% in government and 20% in agriculture and fishing; significant numbers in tourism, financial, and other services
Land boundaries total:
2,926 km

border countries:
China 1,236 km, India 1,690 km
0 km
Land use arable land:
17%

permanent crops:
0%

permanent pastures:
15%

forests and woodland:
42%

other:
26% (1993 est.)
arable land: 2.33%


permanent crops: 0%


other: 97.67% (1998 est.)
Languages Nepali (official; spoken by 90% of the population), about a dozen other languages and about 30 major dialects; note - many in government and business also speak English (1995) English (official)
Legal system based on Hindu legal concepts and English common law; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction based on laws of England and Wales, with a few adopted from Jamaica and The Bahamas
Legislative branch bicameral Parliament consists of the National Council (60 seats; 35 appointed by the House of Representatives, 10 by the king, and 15 elected by an electoral college; one-third of the members elected every two years to serve six-year terms) and the House of Representatives (205 seats; members elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms)

elections:
House of Representatives - last held 3 and 17 May 1999 (next to be held NA May 2004)

election results:
House of Representatives - percent of vote by party - NC 37.3%, CPN/UML 31.6%, NDP 10.4%, NSP 3.2%, Rastriya Jana Morcha 1.4%, Samyukta Janmorcha Nepal 0.8%, NWPP 0.5%, others 14.8%; seats by party - NC 113, CPN/UML 69, NDP 11, NSP 5, Rastriya Jana Morcha 5, Samyukta Janmorcha Nepal 1, NWPP 1
unicameral Legislative Council (19 seats, of which 13 are popularly elected; members serve four-year terms)


elections: last held 24 April 2003 (next to be held NA 2007)


election results: percent of vote by party - PDM 53.8%, PNP 46.2%; seats by party - PDM 7, PNP 6; note - in by-elections held 7 August 2003, the PNP gained two seats for a majority of 8 seats; PDM now has 5
Life expectancy at birth total population:
58.22 years

male:
58.65 years

female:
57.77 years (2001 est.)
total population: 74 years


male: 71.82 years


female: 76.3 years (2003 est.)
Literacy definition:
age 15 and over can read and write

total population:
27.5%

male:
40.9%

female:
14% (1995 est.)
definition: age 15 and over has ever attended school


total population: 98%


male: 99%


female: 98% (1970 est.)
Location Southern Asia, between China and India Caribbean, two island groups in the North Atlantic Ocean, southeast of The Bahamas, north of Haiti
Map references Asia Central America and the Caribbean
Maritime claims none (landlocked) exclusive fishing zone: 200 NM


territorial sea: 12 NM
Merchant marine - none (2002 est.)
Military - note - defense is the responsibility of the UK
Military branches Royal Nepalese Army (includes Royal Nepalese Army Air Service), Nepalese Police Force -
Military expenditures - dollar figure $44 million (FY96/97) -
Military expenditures - percent of GDP 0.9% (FY96/97) -
Military manpower - availability males age 15-49:
6,295,990 (2001 est.)
-
Military manpower - fit for military service males age 15-49:
3,272,077 (2001 est.)
-
Military manpower - military age 17 years of age -
Military manpower - reaching military age annually males:
292,589 (2001 est.)
-
National holiday Birthday of King GYANENDRA, 7 July (1946) Constitution Day, 30 August (1976)
Nationality noun:
Nepalese (singular and plural)

adjective:
Nepalese
noun: none


adjective: none
Natural hazards severe thunderstorms, flooding, landslides, drought, and famine depending on the timing, intensity, and duration of the summer monsoons frequent hurricanes
Natural resources quartz, water, timber, hydropower, scenic beauty, small deposits of lignite, copper, cobalt, iron ore spiny lobster, conch
Net migration rate 0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.) 12.25 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2003 est.)
People - note - destination and transit point for illegal Haitian immigrants bound for the Turks and Caicos Islands, Bahamas, and US
Political parties and leaders Communist Party of Nepal/United Marxist-Leninist or CPN/UML [Madhav Kumar NEPAL, general secretary]; National Democratic Party or NDP (also called Rastriya Prajantra Party or RPP) [Surya Bahadur THAPA, chairman]; Nepal Sadbhavana (Goodwill) Party or NSP [Gajendra Narayan SINGH, president]; Nepal Workers and Peasants Party or NWPP [Narayan Man BIJUKCHHE, party chair]; Nepali Congress or NC [Girija Prasad KOIRALA, party president, Sushil KOIRALA, general secretary]; Rastriya Jana Morcha [Chitra Bahadur K. C., chairman]; Samyukta Janmorcha Nepal [Lila Mani POKHAREL, general secretary] People's Democratic Movement or PDM [Derek H. TAYLOR]; Progressive National Party or PNP [Washington MISICK]; United Democratic Party or UDP [Wendal SWANN]
Political pressure groups and leaders Maoist guerrilla-based insurgency; numerous small, left-leaning student groups in the capital; several small, radical Nepalese antimonarchist groups NA
Population 25,284,463 (July 2001 est.) 19,350 (July 2003 est.)
Population below poverty line 42% (FY95/96 est.) NA%
Population growth rate 2.32% (2001 est.) 3.14% (2003 est.)
Ports and harbors none Grand Turk, Providenciales
Radio broadcast stations AM 6, FM 5, shortwave 1 (January 2000) AM 3 (one inactive), FM 6, shortwave 0 (1998)
Radios 840,000 (1997) -
Railways total:
59 km; note - all in Kosi close to Indian border

narrow gauge:
59 km 0.762-m gauge (2000)
0 km
Religions Hinduism 86.2%, Buddhism 7.8%, Islam 3.8%, other 2.2%

note:
only official Hindu state in the world (1995)
Baptist 40%, Methodist 16%, Anglican 18%, Church of God 12%, other 14% (1990)
Sex ratio at birth:
1.05 male(s)/female

under 15 years:
1.07 male(s)/female

15-64 years:
1.05 male(s)/female

65 years and over:
0.98 male(s)/female

total population:
1.05 male(s)/female (2001 est.)
at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.03 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 1.11 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 0.8 male(s)/female


total population: 1.07 male(s)/female (2003 est.)
Suffrage 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Telephone system general assessment:
poor telephone and telegraph service; fair radiotelephone communication service and mobile cellular telephone network

domestic:
NA

international:
radiotelephone communications; microwave landline to India; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Indian Ocean)
general assessment: fair cable and radiotelephone services


domestic: NA


international: 2 submarine cables; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean)
Telephones - main lines in use 236,816 (January 2000) 3,000 (1994)
Telephones - mobile cellular NA 0 (1994)
Television broadcast stations 1 (plus 9 repeaters) (1998) 0 (broadcasts from The Bahamas are received; cable television is established) (1997)
Terrain Terai or flat river plain of the Ganges in south, central hill region, rugged Himalayas in north low, flat limestone; extensive marshes and mangrove swamps
Total fertility rate 4.58 children born/woman (2001 est.) 3.15 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Unemployment rate NA%; substantial underemployment (1999) 10% (1997 est.)
Waterways none none
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